Informatics In Public Health Information Technology Essay

Informatics In Public Health Information Technology Essay Yasnoff et al(2000)stated that effective public health requires timely, accurate, and informative information from a wide variety of sources. Not surprisingly, public health professionals have been among the earliest users of computers , other information technologies from which numerous and useful computerized information and surveillance systems have been developed(Yasnoff et al, 2000).A more systematic and informed approach to the application of information science and technology needs to be utilized in order to take full advantage of its potential to enhance and facilitate public health activities(Yasnoff et al, 2000). However, OCarroll et al(2002)defined public health informatics as the systematic application of information and computer science and technology to public health practice, research, and learning. Public health informatics is primarily an engineering discipline and a practical activity ungirded by science and oriented to the accomplishment of specific tasks(OCarroll et al, 2002). How informatics impact or improve public health? The scope of public health informatics includes the conceptualization, design, development, deployment, refinement maintenance, and evaluation of communication, surveillance, information, and learning systems relevant to public health(OCarroll et al, 2002). Using strategies and standards, practitioners employ public health informatics tools and training to maximize health impacts at local, state, and national levels(CDC, 2006).They develop and deploy information technology solutions that provide accurate, timely, and secure information to guide public health action(CDC, 2006). Public health informatics involves the application of knowledge and practice from numerous disciplines that contribute to public health(OCarroll et al, 2002).Advances in public health informatics resulted in public health innovations and added value to interventions by providing the capability for more timely detection of health problems and more complete and efficient health communications (CDC, 2006). Surveillance is an aspect of public health that can be dramatically transformed by the application of information technology(Yasnoff et al, 2000). How public health informatics is different from medical informatics? The primary focus of public health informatics is on the applications of information science and technology that promote the health of populations while the primary focus of medical informatics is on the health of specific individuals who presents with a specific disease or condition requiring diagnosis and treatment(OCarroll et al, 2002). A primary focus of public health informatics is on the applications of information science and technology that prevent disease and injury by altering the conditions that put populations of individuals at risk while whereas medical informatics is on the application of information science and technology for the treatment of individuals who already have a disease or high risk conditions(OCarroll et al, 2002). Prevention approach in public health informatics is not predetermined by professional discipline, but rather by effectiveness, expediency, cost, and social acceptability of intervening at various potentially vulnerable points in a causal chain whereas medical informatics preventive interventions is within the context of each professional discipline with focus on one or a few points in the causal chain(OCarroll et al, 2002). Public health informatics is not restricted to particular social, behavioral, or environmental contexts whereas medical informatics is restricted to clinical and surgical encounters(OCarroll et al, 2002). Public health informatics involves operation within a governmental context requiring responsiveness to legislative, regulatory, and policy directives whereas medical informatics involves operation through private practices, clinics, hospitals, with governmental direction primarily in terms of quality assurance (OCarroll et al, 2002). References. OCarroll, P,W; Yasnoff, W, A; Ward, M,E; Ripp, L,H; Martin,E;L.(2002).Public health informatics and information systems. Springer. Yasnoff, W, A; OCarroll, P,W; Koo, D; Linkins, R, W; Kilbourne,E;M.(2000).Public health informatics: Improving and transforming public health in the information age. Journal of Public Health Management Practice Vol 6(6); p67-75. CDC(2006).Informatics and public health at CDC. MMWR Vol 55(SUP02); 25-28. Retrieved from http//www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/su5502a10.htm Top of Form Week 1: Introduction to Informatics in Public Health Discussion It was not until 1988 that efforts by the Institute of Medicine described public health with a working definition that outlined its mission, components, and core functions, as a result, the focus began to shift from medicine and treatment of disease to public health and its goals of prevention and health promotion (Schneider 2006). As noted by OCarroll (2003), with public health reform, an increase in managed care and the revolution of new technology, public health professionals increased the need of public health informatics forcing the transition of traditional methods of information storage to the development of technological software. Prior to the emergence of public health as a discipline, medical informatics was employed in various healthcare institutions. Hasman and Haux (1996) described medical informatics as discipline that intersects information science, computer science, and health care to address the storage, retrieval, and use biomedical information for problem solving and decision making. To keep abreast of an ever changing technological society, public health informatics emerged. OCarroll, 2003 noted that public health informatics is defined as the systematic application of information and computer science and technology to public health practice, research and learning (p5). According to OCarroll (2003), it is different from medical informatics because it focuses on populations, disease prevention, preventative interventions, and governmental operations. Informatics is now a discipline that is increasing being integrated into the field of public health. The National Center for Public Health Informatics (NCPHI), for example, is one of the national centers of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Started in 2005, the NCPHI in composed of five divisions and seeks to use information technology to aid in surveillance, outbreak response, and laboratory reporting and other aspects of public health. The goals of the center is to enhance monitoring and research and increase real time access to health information. The National Centers for Public Health Informatics although a fairly new have several tools in place to maximize access to health information (CDC 2009). The use of informatics of found throughout the field of public health. With the development of new technology, public health informatics seeks to further incorporate new software to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of the collection, analysis, and reporting of public health information. To fully embrace the impact informatics can have on public health OCarroll (2003) claimed that education and training is imperative to decrease the sense of inadequacy among public health professionals and promote the widespread implementation of public health informatics as a discipline.

Ben and Jerry’s Case Study

The world outside the US, Europe and ANZ relates US business today with Microsoft, Citibank and Google. Not much is known about Ben and Jerry, nor is the company taken up for discussion in management schools in the emerging nations of the world. This is a pity as the history of this company is the stuff of corporate legend and provides a very different perspective of the image of US companiesBen Cohen and Jerry Greenfield, school companions at Calhoun High School in Merrick, Long Island teamed up in 1978 to open an ice cream shop in Burlington, Vermont. Both were twenty-seven years old and unlikely entrepreneurs. They had never been to business school and had tinkered around with academics and disparate work opportunities before deciding to make ice cream. Ben had attended three different colleges before dropping out and had supported himself with low-end jobs while he freewheeled through life.He learned craft and worked as a craft teacher for three years teaching pottery, stained gl ass, and film making to disturbed adolescents before he started his small ice cream shop in a converted gas station. Jerry graduated from high school with a merit scholarship but could not get admission to medical school despite trying more than once. In 1977, he along with Ben took a correspondence course in ice cream making from Penn State before opening their parlor.Both Ben and Jerry, products of the counter culture of the sixties were never interested in creating large businesses and looked upon the venture more as a means of livelihood, which would enable them to live lives of dignity and allow them to work on social causes.They carried with them beliefs and ideologies that were in many ways opposed to the thinking of profit oriented business corporations. This ideology with its’ stress on human values guided the strategy and mission of Ben and Jerry’s. Among other things, it also led to the formulation of the 5:1 remuneration practice, wherein the company decree d that the highest individual employee payout would not be more than 5 times the entry-level salary at base level.The very thought of such an idea in a business environment where similar ratios moved in the region of 90:1 was revolutionary. It was indicative of Ben’s desire to place social commitment above business expediency and was to be a forerunner of the strategy the company would follow in all areas.The ice cream company did well. The business grew to become a manufacturer of distinctive ice cream products with a geographic reach far beyond Vermont. In barely ten years, it became one of the largest ice cream producers in the US; respected for its unusual business practices and social commitment. The company adopted a number of practices, which were distanced from those of a profit and cost conscious business organization. Most decisions were judgmental and stemmed from ideology and conviction.The ice cream had large chunks or tidbits of flavoring which broke up the smoo thness but provided a chewy and delightful sensation. The products were natural and had no artificial ingredients though some of the chunks did. It was made only in Vermont with local milk. Marketing efforts eschewed traditional methods and market research and media spend did not figure in the scheme of things. Promotions were through sponsoring of educational events, summer music festivals and the like.The company, in its’ initial days was targeted by market leaders Haagen Dazs. It took the leader on both in the courts and on the streets with their â€Å"What is the Doughboy afraid of?† campaign and sales soared after Haagen Dazs came up with an out of court settlement. The continuous social commitment of Ben and Jerry’s, its unstructured and informal working atmosphere and its’ quality and consumer focus remained unaltered as the company grew in size and reputation.In 1988, barely ten years after formation, ben and Jerry were named small business person s of the year. Ben Cohen went to the White House in a borrowed suit to pick up the trophy. By then the company had identified twelve core markets covering   two thirds of US superpremium sales and had achieved distribution in each supermarket chain inthese areas.The social commitment of the company was evinced in a number of areas and was exemplified by its 5:1 employee remuneration policy. It was this commitment which finally led to a rift between Ben Cohen, the major shareholder and the President, Chico Lager. This is the primary focus of this case study.

Introducing Social Problems to Write about

Introducing Social Problems to Write about These prices have to be prepared for the public writing report. It is recommended to look for the one which has an excellent reputation and offers high-quality papers at inexpensive rates. In addition, there are issues which don't fall into either category, including wars. Ladies have a tendency to understand their victim, and in several cases report using violence in self-defence. Everything you should do is to fill out the shape and to be responsible for services. As an example, as a writer, you can control what content which you choose to write about but you maynot control the way your work is going to be received. Your support people currently devote an insane quantity of time on issues. In addition, by utilizing email, you eliminate several of the communication issues that arrive with supporting a global item. Sharing expert blog posts in social media is a superb means to obtain exposure as well as search engines. You might have heard that social networks ought to be part of your advertising. Social media as a new kind of child-bullying. Also make sure that you write about content associated with your organization. You also receive a fine opportunity to dig more into research! For a social issue to be classified as an issue, it has to be getting attention from the general public. When picking your social problems topic, try to remember that it's always much better to write about something you're already more or less acquainted with. By following the easy tasks above you'll be on your way to figuring out how to compose a blog post and never run out of ideas. Get the Scoop on Social Problems to Write about Before You're Too Late Although there are different problems that can be credited to this, the total cause of these has become the failure by the state to deal with the requirem ents of its citizens well. It results in inadequate education, environmental degradation and a good deal of other social issues. Furthermore, these problems are related to one another and it can appear hard to address one without addressing them all. Difficulties with the environment are almost directly associated with poverty and issues with education. Poverty is among the principal social trouble in the world. This social issue is a choice case of a problem that will resonate with a huge audience. The cost of an essay rides on the total amount of effort the writer has to exert. While all pieces of your essay ask you to respond in your words, it's important to substantiate your argument with three or more academic sources, with one reference from your e-Text. Maybe you'd also love to create digital products or compose a book. To start with, your essay is supposed to deal with a particular social, psychological or anthropological matter. If you are now out of work and feeling hopeless, you aren't alone. You may cull those from your own private experience. However, you can be positive the majority of the moment. All of them work and run the exact same. Attempt as much as possible to concentrate on what is good in life. Therefore, if you think about just how bad your life is, then you'll produce more situations and circumstances that will cause you to feel bad. So begin focusing on the fantastic things consistently and you will notice the way your life will change. You also have a great life if you're able to properly clothe and feed yourself. Social Problems to Write about at a Glance What you do affects the way that you feel. You NEED an easy way for individuals to report bugs. On the flip side, as stated by the conflict theory, change is inevitable and frequently beneficial. You're building a photo of a social issue, and you will need to bring up every potential side of the story. To acquire an essay help on the internet you want to complete the application form on the site. So, you're going to be able to talk about all critical questions and changes directly. Don't hesitate to use our sample topics to produce your o wn! Use the purchase calculator below and begin! Gender and societal institutions, roles, relationships, social problems You might wish to write about the association between gender and any variety of themes or topics within this training course. One of the most important things to do to take in order to make certain that the problem is amicably resolved includes developing ample foreign laws that ensure sufficient political accountability and responsibility. It is a social problem because it is widespread and affects many of our communities and the individuals within them who do not fit the norm. Social issues have always been an essential part of the human condition.

Homosexuality As A Psychological Disorder - 1511 Words

The social argument for homosexuality dates back to the ancient Greeks. Aristophanes, in his Symposium investigates homosexuality, although not termed as such, as a desire by men to share a long-term fulfillment of the soul. He believed that two souls are longing to be together, and the sexual desire alone is not strong enough to create homosexuality, but that the cultural environment allows or forbids the relationship to occur (Heffner, 2003). The debate about homosexuality dates back further than expected. However, it does not matter how far back it goes, there is still the same result, homosexuality is not biological and homosexuals are not born this way. Groups supporting gay and lesbian relationships [did not emerge] until after World War II, (Morris, 2015). Research being done today to prove that homosexuality is biological has yet to have solid evidence to support that theory. Therefore, the start up of these groups were quite unnecessary. Homosexuality, at most, is a psycholo gical disorder, meaning it is all in the person s head. It can be caused by a multitude of things and can be changed with a little help from others. Although there is no irrefutable evidence regarding the origins of sexual preference there is significant historical and sociological support, that homosexuality is environmentally derived. A psychological disorder is a disorder of the mind involving thoughts, behavior, and emotions that cause either self or others significant distressShow MoreRelatedHomosexuality Is Not a Psychological Disorder Essay1003 Words   |  5 PagesHomosexuality is not a psychological disorder†¦ In the past, homosexuality was considered to be a psychological disorder, up until the APA removed it from its list of mental illnesses. This was due to the fact that homosexuality causes no form of impairment on the individual’s judgment, stability, reliability, or general social and or vocational abilities. 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